Бұл не? Паронихия - тырнақ айналасындағы тері инфекциясы (саңырауқұлақтық немесебактериальді). Бұл ауру дерматит, псориаз, қанайналу бұзылуы нәтижесінде болуы мүмкін. Ең жиі себебі Candida albicans туысындағы саңырауқұлақтар болып табылады.
Симптомдары қандай? Жедел түрінде қызару немесе ісіну симмтомдары кенеттен дамып, қысқа уақыт аралығына созылады.Созылмалы түрінде симптомдар үзіліссіз немесе кезеңді болуы мүмкін. Созылмалы паронихия – ыдыс жуушы, кір жуушы, бармен және шаштараздардың кәсіптік ауруы. Инфекцияны жұқтыру қолды ұзақ уақыт суда ұстау, жарақат, қырыну, заусеницны кесіп алуы нәтижесінде болуы мүмкін.
Нестеу керек? Аздаған қызару мен ісінуді үй жағдайында мұқият тазалау арқылы кетіруге болады. Кей жағдайда антибиотиктермен немесе саңырауқұлаққа қарсы заттармен емдеуді қажет етеді. Кейде кішігірім хирургиялық ем жасауға-зақымдалған аймақты дренаждау үшін дәрігер көмегі керек.
Тері күтімін дұрыс жүргізу үшін тұрғылықты жеріңіз бойынша тері ауруларының маманына жолығыңыз.
Paronychia (pronounced: pair-uh-NIK-ee-uh) is an infection of the skin around a fingernail or toenail. The infected area can get swollen, red, and painful. Sometimes a pus-filled blister may form.
Most of the time, paronychia is no big deal and can be treated at home. In rare cases, the infection can spread to the rest of the finger or toe. When that happens, it can lead to bigger problems that may need a doctor's help.
You're not likely to get paronychia in a toe (unless you have an ingrown toenail). But fingernail paronychia is one of the most common hand infections there is.
Paronychia usually happens when the skin around a person's nail is irritated or injured. When the skin around the nail is damaged, germs can get in and cause an infection. These germs can be bacteria (causing bacterial paronychia) or fungi (causing fungal paronychia).
Common paronychia causes include:
· biting or pulling off a hangnail
· frequent sucking on a finger
· clipping a nail too short or trimming the cuticle (the skin around the sides and bottom of the nail)
· getting manicures
· having hands in water a lot (as from a job washing dishes in a restaurant)
Some people get paronychia infections after a manicure or using from chemicals in the glue used with artificial nails. Certain health conditions (like diabetes) also can make paronychia more likely. And if your hands are in water a lot (if you wash dishes at a restaurant, for example), that ups the chances of getting paronychia.
Chances are, if you have paronychia, it will be easy to recognize. There will be an area of skin around a nail that is painful and tender when you touch it. The area probably will be red and swollen and feel warm. You may see a pus-filled blister.
If the paronychia has been there a long time, the nail may turn a different color. It might not be its usual shape or might look as if it's coming away from the nail bed.
If paronychia is mild and hasn't started to spread beyond the fingernail, you can probably treat it at home. Soak the infected nail in warm water for 20 minutes a few times a day. The infection will probably heal on its own in a few days.
If paronychia doesn't get better after a week or so, call your doctor. You'll want to call a doctor right away if you have an abscess (a pus-filled area in the skin or under the nail) or if it looks like the infection has spread beyond the area of the nail.
If paronychia becomes severe and you don't see a doctor, infection can spread through the finger or toe and move into the rest of the body. Luckily, this is very rare.
Usually, a doctor or nurse practitioner will be able to diagnose paronychia just by examining the infected area. In some cases, a doctor may take a pus sample to be examined in a laboratory to determine what type of germ is causing the infection.
If you have diabetes, let your doctor know if you notice any signs of paronychia, even if it seems mild.
Don't try to puncture or cut into an abscess yourself. Doing that can lead to a more serious infection or other complications. The doctor may need to drain the abscess and possibly prescribe antibiotic medications to treat the infection. Once an abscess is treated, the finger or toe almost always heals very quickly.
If someone has fungal paronychia, a doctor may prescribe antifungal creams, lotions, or other medicines.
Here are some things that can lessen your chances of developing paronychia:
· Don't bite your nails or pick at the cuticle area around them.
· Don't cut nails too short. Trim your fingernails and toenails with clippers or manicure scissors, and smooth the sharp corners with an emery board or nail file. The best time to do this is after a bath or shower, when your nails are softer.
· Don't push your cuticles back, trim them, or use cuticle remover. Damaging your cuticles gives bacteria a way to get into your skin and cause an infection.
· If you'll be washing a lot of dishes or if your hands might be coming into contact with chemicals, wear rubber gloves.
· If you have diabetes, make sure it is under control.
· Practice good hygiene: keep your hands and feet clean and dry.
· If you get manicures or pedicures at a nail salon, consider bringing along your own clippers, nail files, and other tools.
As much as possible, try to avoid injuring your nails and the skin around them. Nails grow slowly. Any damage to them can last a long time.
Most of the time, your nails are pink and healthy, but sometimes nails have problems. Some of the most common include:
· ingrown nail — when the nail curves down and into the skin, causing pain and, sometimes, an infection
· nail injury — when you drop something on your big toe or catch your finger in a drawer. A bruise may appear under the nail and sometimes the nail falls off. A new one grows in its place.
· nail deformity — when the nail isn't smooth, like a healthy nail. People who bite or pick at their nails a lot can have this problem, but it also can happen if someone has an illness that affects the nail.
· hangnail — when a loose strip of dead skin hangs from the edge of a fingernail. Hangnails hurt if you pull them off.
Some of these problems, such as a minor nail injury or hangnail, can be handled at home by your mom or dad. But infections and more serious nail injuries need a doctor's care. Signs of a nail infection include pain, redness, puffiness (swelling), and maybe some pus.
What Your Nails Have to Say
Don't be surprised if your doctor takes a look at your nails at your next checkup, even if you're having no problems with them. Fingernails provide good clues to a person's overall health.
For instance, when the doctor presses your nails, he or she is checking your blood circulation. By looking at your nails, a doctor may find changes that may be associated with skin problems, lung disease, anemia, and other medical conditions. Your nails are in the know!
Что это такое?Паронихия – это инфекция (грибковая или бактериальная) кожи вокруг ногтя. Она может явиться следствием инфекции, нарушенной циркуляции крови, псориаза или дерматита. Частой причиной является грибок рода Candida albicans.
Каковы симптомы? В острых случаях симптомы покраснения или отека могут возникнуть внезапно и длиться короткий промежуток времени. В хронических случаях симптомы могут быть непрерывными, либо проявляться периодически. Хроническая паронихия является профессиональным заболеванием посудомоек, прачек, барменов и парикмахеров. Дело в том, что инфицирование может произойти при частом держании рук в воде, либо в результате травмы, например при бритье, порезе заусеницы и т.д.
Что необходимо предпринять? Незначительные покраснения или опухания могут исчезнуть благодаря осторожной очистке зоны поражения, что можно сделать в домашних условиях. В некоторых случаях требуется лечение местными антибиотиками или противогрибковыми средствами. Иногда может потребоваться, чтобы врач произвел небольшое хирургическое вмешательство - дренирование пораженной области.
Обратитесь к специалисту по кожным заболеваниям по месту жительства для того, чтобы узнать как правильно обработать кожу или обсудить необходимы ли более серьезные вмешательства.
Ноготь может быть отделен от ногтевого ложа по многим причинам, в том числе из–за:
Травм. Отрыв, вызванный травмой, характерной для людей с длинными ногтями. Ноготь может быть отделен при случайном ударе или зажатии.
Грибковая инфекция ногтя, чаще встречается поражение на ногах, чем на руках. Симптомами могут быть потрескавшиеся, пожелтевшие, обесцвеченные, тонкие или слоящиеся, с поперечной или продольной исчерченностью, пораженные ногти.
Химикаты, такие как ацетоновые средства для удаления лака или некоторые моющие средства.
Лечение, например, химиотерапия или противомалярийное лечение.
Тяжелая болезнь.
Обычным лечением при отделении ногтя является его удаление, сохранение пораженного участка сухим во избежание заражения и ожидание роста нового ногтя. Инфекция или состояние кожи ставшие причиной отделения ногтя также должны быть излечены.
Если ноготь отделился от ногтевого ложа, по любой причине, присоединить его на место не возможно. Новый ноготь должен вырасти на месте старого. Ноготь растет медленно. Обычно 6 месяцев на пальцах рук и до 18 месяцев на пальцах ног.
Диабет и нарушения периферического кровообращения могут стать причиной снижения кровотока и снижения чувствительночти ног. Не вылеченные ногтевые травмы могут привести к заражению, язвенным поражениям и другим серьезным проблемам.
