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Tendinitis is inflammation, irritation, and swelling of a tendon. This is the fibrous structure that joins muscle to bone. In many cases, tendinosis (tendon degeneration) is also present.

Causes

Tendinitis can occur as a result of injury or overuse. It also can occur with aging as the tendon loses elasticity. Body-wide (systemic) diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis or diabetes, can also lead to tendinitis.

Tendinitis can occur in any tendon. Commonly affected sites include the:

• Elbow
• Heel (Achilles tendinitis)
• Shoulder
• Wrist

Symptoms

• Pain and tenderness along a tendon, usually near a joint
• Pain at night
• Pain that is worse with movement or activity

Exams and Tests

The doctor will perform a physical exam. During the exam, the doctor will look for signs of pain and tenderness when the muscle attached to the tendon is moved in certain ways. There are specific tests for specific tendons.

The tendon can be inflamed, and the skin over it may be warm and red.

Treatment

The goal of treatment is to relieve pain and reduce inflammation.

The doctor will recommend resting the affected tendon to help it recover. This may be done using a splint or a removable brace. Applying heat or cold to the affected area can help.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), such as aspirin or ibuprofen, can also reduce both pain and inflammation. Steroid injections into the tendon sheath can also be very useful for controlling pain.

The doctor may also suggest physical therapy to stretch and strengthen the muscle and tendon. This can restore the tendon's ability to function properly, improve healing, and prevent future injury.

In rare cases, surgery is needed to remove the inflamed tissue from around the tendon.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Symptoms improve with treatment and rest. If the injury is caused by overuse, a change in work habits may be needed to prevent the problem from coming back.

Possible Complications

• Long-term inflammation raises the risk of further injury, such as rupture
• Tendinitis symptoms return

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Call for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms of tendinitis occur.

Prevention

• Avoid repetitive motions and overuse of the arms and legs.
• Keep all your muscles strong and flexible.
• Warm up by exercising at a relaxed pace before doing vigorous activity.

Source: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001229.htm

Contents

More About Your Injury

What to Expect

Symptom Relief

Activity

When to Call the Doctor

The collarbone is a long, thin bone between your breastbone (sternum) and your shoulder. It is also called the clavicle.

You have 2 collarbones, 1 on each side of your breastbone. They help to keep your shoulders in line.

A broken or fractured collarbone often occurs from:

·       Falling and landing on your shoulder

·       Stopping a fall with your outstretched arm

·       Car, motorcycle, or bicycle accident

More About Your Injury

A broken collarbone is a common injury in young children and teenagers. This is because these bones DO NOT become hard until adulthood.

Symptoms of a mild broken collarbone include:

·       Pain where the broken bone is

·       Having a hard time moving your shoulder or arm, and pain when you do move them

·       A shoulder that seems to be sagging

·       A cracking or grinding noise when you raise your arm

·       Bruising, swelling, or bulging over your collarbone

Signs of a more serious break are:

·       Decreased feeling or a tingling feeling in your arm or fingers

·       A deformed looking collarbone area

What to Expect

The type of break you have will determine your treatment. If the bones are:

·       Aligned (meaning that the broken ends meet), the treatment is to wear a sling and relieve your symptoms. Casts are not used for broken collarbones.

·       Not aligned (meaning the broken ends do not meet), you may need surgery.

If you have a broken collarbone, you should follow up with an orthopedist (bone doctor).

Healing of your collarbone depends on:

·       Where the break in the bone is (in middle or at the end of the bone).

·       If the bones are aligned.

·       Your age. Children may heal in 3 to 6 weeks. Adults may need up to 12 weeks.

Symptom Relief

Applying an ice pack can help relieve your pain. Make an ice pack by putting ice in a zip lock plastic bag and wrapping a cloth around it. DO NOT put the bag of ice directly on your skin. This could injure your skin.

On the first day of your injury, apply the ice for 20 minutes of every hour while awake. After the first day, ice the area every 3 to 4 hours for 20 minutes each time. Do this for 2 days or longer.

For pain, you can use ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), or acetaminophen (Tylenol). You can buy these pain medicines at the store.

·       Talk with your health care provider before using these medicines if you have heart disease, high blood pressure, kidney disease, or have had stomach ulcers or internal bleeding in the past.

·       DO NOT take more than the amount recommended on the bottle or by your provider.

·       DO NOT take these medicines for the first 24 hours after your injury. They can cause bleeding.

·       DO NOT give aspirin to children.

Your provider may prescribe a stronger medicine if you need it.

Activity

At first you need to wear a sling or brace as the bone heals. This will keep:

·       Your collarbone in the right position to heal.

·       You from moving your arm, which would be painful

Once you can move your arm without pain, you can start gentle exercises. These will increase the strength and movement in your arm. At this point, you will be able to wear your sling or brace less.

When you restart an activity after a broken collarbone, build up slowly. If your arm, shoulder, or collarbone begins to hurt, stop and rest.

Most people are advised to avoid contact sports for a month after their collarbones have healed.

DO NOT place rings on your fingers until your provider tells you it is safe to do so.

When to Call the Doctor

Call your provider or orthopedist if you have questions or concerns about the healing of your collarbone.

Get care right away or go to the emergency room if:

·       Your arm is numb or has a pins and needles feeling.

·       You have pain that does not go away with pain medicine.

·       Your fingers look pale, blue, black, or white.

·       It is hard to move the fingers of your affected arm.

·       Your shoulder looks deformed and the bone is coming out of the skin.

Source https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000529.htm